Journal of Animal Breeding and Genomics (J Anim Breed Genom)
Indexed in KCI
OPEN ACCESS, PEER REVIEWED
pISSN 1226-5543
eISSN 2586-4297
Research Article

Quantitative Trait Loci analysis for resistance to viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) in Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

1Fish Genetics and Breeding Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Geoje 53334, Korea
2Department of Bio-AI Convergence, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
3Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea

Correspondence to Jeong-Ho Lee, E-mail: jhlee7124@korea.kr

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Volume 6, Number 3, Pages 107-115, September 2022.
Journal of Animal Breeding and Genomics 2022, 6(3), 107-115. https://doi.org/10.12972/jabng.20220012
Received on July 04, 2022, Revised on September 19, 2022, Accepted on September 19, 2021, Published on September 30, 2022.
Copyright © 2022 Korean Society of Animal Breeding and Genetics.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0).

ABSTRACT

Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) is one of the most produced fish, accounting for 46.2% (37,240 metric tons) of total fish farming yield in Korea. Flounder is vulnerable to viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS) which makes fish farmers struggle. Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSV) is an RNA virus sustaining its infectivity, especially at low temperatures (8-15°C). In order to minimize the damage from VHSV, several studies were conducted. However, the genetic factor of resistance to VHSV is not well known to date. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis is an efficient analysis in aspects of detecting loci that influence quantitative traits. We conducted a quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis by constructing a genetic linkage group. 23 linkage groups were constructed and it’s reliable according to the previous study that suggested flounder has 2n=48 chromosome. Bivariate phenotypes (dead/alive) were adapted and 5 pseudo markers were identified as QTL. A total of 7 markers were nearby 5 pseudo markers, located in linkage groups 8, 13, and 16. Although it can be more delicately accurate results if the bivariate phenotype information were f ixed by extra environment effects, those markers are valuable to be candidates for representing the resistance of VHSV in terms of f lounder.

KEYWORDS

Genetic map, Olive flounder, QTL analysis, VHSV

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

본 논문은 2022년도 해양수산부 재원으로 국립수산과학원(과제명: 양식생물 육종품종 개발 및 산업화, 과제번호: R2022001) 및 해양수산과학기술진흥원(과제명: 수산종자산업 디지털혁신 기술개발, 과제번호: 20220570)의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임.

REFERENCES

Akaike H. 1974. A new look at the statistical model identification. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control. 19:716-723. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAC.1974.1100705
[DOI]

Castaño-Sánchez C, Fuji K, Ozaki A, Hasegawa O, Sakamoto T, Morishima K, Nakayama I, Fujiwara A, Masaoka T, Okamoto H, Hayashida K, Tagami M, Kawai J, Hayashizaki Y, and Okamoto N. 2010. A second generation genetic linkage map of Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). BMC Genomics. 11:554. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-11-554
[DOI][PubMed][PMC]

FAO. 2020. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome, Italy.

Gazaffi R, Margarido G, Pastina MM, Mollinari M, and Garcia A. 2014. A model for quantitative trait loci mapping, linkage phase, and segregation pattern estimation for a full-sib progeny. Tree Genetics & Genomes. 10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-013-0664-2
[DOI]

Gienapp P, Laine VN, Mateman AC, van Oers K, and Visser ME. 2017. Environment-Dependent Genotype-Phenotype Associations in Avian Breeding Time. frontiers in Genetics. 8:102-102. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2017.00102
[DOI][PubMed][PMC]

Jeong JM, Jee BY, Kwon MG, Seo JS, Hwang SD, Lee JH, and Hwang JY. 2019. Analysis of the Stability of Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSV) Depending on Water Temperature. JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION. 31:1465-1469. https://doi.org/10.13000/JFMSE.2019.10.31.5.1465
[DOI]

Jung JY, Kim SH, Kim KC, Lee BJ, Kim KW, and Han HS. 2020. Feed and Disease at Olive Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) Farms in Korea. fishes. 5:21. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5030021
[DOI]

Kang BG, Kim JM, Moon H, Han SY, and Kang BJ. 2012. Development of effective viral hemorrhagic septicemia(VHS) vaccine for olive flounder. Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. 94, Dasom 2-ro, Sejong-si, Republic of Korea.

Kim DS, Jeong CH, Lee YD, and Rho S. 1994. Triploidy Induction in Olive Flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Journal of aquaculture. 7:55-61.

Kim R, and Faisal M. 2011. Emergence and resurgence of the viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (Novirhabdovirus, Rhabdoviridae, Mononegavirales). Journal of Advanced Research. 2:9-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2010.05.007
[DOI]

Kim SM, Lee JI, Hong MJ, Park HS, and Park SI. 2003. Genetic relationship of the VHSV (Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus) isolated from cultured olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus in Korea. Journal of Fish Pathology. 16:1-12.

Korea S. 2021. Amount of fishery production and aquaculture. https://www.index.go.kr/potal/main/EachDtlPageDetail.do?idx_cd=2748 (2022.05.04.)

Kosambi DD. 1943. The estimation of map distances from recombinant values. Annals of Eugenics. 12:172-175. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1809.1943.tb02321.x
[DOI]

Lander ES, Green P, Abrahamson J, Barlow A, Daly MJ, Lincoln SE, and Newburg L. 1987. MAPMAKER: an interactive computer package for constructing primary genetic linkage maps of experimental and natural populations. Genomics. 1:174-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/0888-7543(87)90010-3
[DOI][PubMed]

Margarido GRA, Souza AP, and Garcia AAF. 2007. OneMap: software for genetic mapping in outcrossing species. Hereditas. 144:78-79. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2007.0018-0661.02000.x
[DOI][PubMed]

Mollinari M, Margarido GRA, Vencovsky R, and Garcia AAF. 2009. Evaluation of algorithms used to order markers on genetic maps. Heredity. 103:494-502. https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2009.96
[DOI][PubMed]

Pakingking R, Okinaka Y, Mori K-I, Arimoto M, Muroga K, and Nakai T. 2004. In vivo and in vitro analysis of the resistance against viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) precedingly infected with aquabirnavirus. Fish & Shellfish Immunology. 17:1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2003.10.005
[DOI][PubMed]

Shim JD, Hwang SD, Jang SY, Kim TW, and Jeong JM. 2019. Monitoring of the mortalities in oliver flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) farms of Korea. Journal of Fish Pathology. 32:029-035.

Tadashi I, Toyohiko N, Tatsuya K, Taizou N, and Teruo M. 2001. An outbreak of VHSV (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus) infection in farmed Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus in Japan. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS. 47:87-99. https://doi.org/10.3354/dao047087
[DOI][PubMed]

Wu R, Ma C-X, Painter I, and Zeng Z-B. 2002. Simultaneous maximum likelihood estimation of linkage and linkage phases in outcrossing species. Theoretical Population Biology. 61:349-363. https://doi.org/10.1006/tpbi.2002.1577
[DOI][PubMed]

Zheng W-j, and Sun L. 2011. Evaluation of housekeeping genes as references for quantitative real time RT-PCR analysis of gene expression in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Fish & Shellfish Immunology. 30:638-645. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2010.12.014
[DOI][PubMed]

Section