Journal of Animal Breeding and Genomics (J Anim Breed Genom)
Byeonghwi Lim, Jun-Mo Kim*
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
Correspondence to Jun-Mo Kim, E-mail: junmokim@cau.ac.kr
Volume 6, Number 2, Pages 27-34, June 2022.
Journal of Animal Breeding and Genomics 2022, 6(2), 27-34. https://doi.org/10.12972/jabng.20220004
Received on March 17, 2022, Revised on May 31, 2022, Accepted on May 31, 2021, Published on June 30, 2022.
Copyright © 2022 Korean Society of Animal Breeding and Genetics.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0).
In this review paper, we investigated canine diseases and quantitative traits based on estimation of genetic potential to improve the quality of the companion dog breeding industry, as dogs make up the majority of companion animal. Until now, studies on the use of DNA markers in dogs have largely been related to parentage, breed identification, genetic diseases, and quantitative traits. Testing for parentage and breed often utilizes microsatellite markers, a method which has been shown to be effective in a number of studies. Genetic diseases in dogs are often caused by single mutations which show Mendelian inheritance. Causal genes, mutation types, and inheritance types have mainly been investigated in dog genetic diseases that occur most frequently. The coat color and body size of dogs are quantitative traits and do not follow Mendelian inheritance. The coat color of dogs is determined by a complex mechanism involving the interaction of 5 loci (E, A, K, D, and B). Body size was found to be related to mutations located in 17 genes (ESR1, FGF4, STC2, SMAD2, HMGA2, GHR, R3HCM1, ADAMTS9, ACSL4, IGF1R, LCORL, IRS4, IGSF1, TBX3, MED13L, RNFT2, and IGF1) and 2 loci (ZNF608 and IGF2BP2 loci). In addition, the hair feature is controlled by combinations of alleles at 5 genes (FGF5, RSPO2, KRT71, FOXI3, and SGK3). Overseas, companies (Embark, Wisdom panel, Orivet, etc.) that provide breed identification and screening for genetic diseases through DNA analysis are already available. Typical services include breed identification covering 180 – 250 breeds and risk diagnosis of 140 – 180 genetic diseases. DNA analysis services in the Republic of Korea are relatively inferior in quality/quantity and are under publicized. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a dog DNA analysis system that is easy to access and suitable for customers.
DNA marker, dog, dog industry, genetic disease, quantitative trait
This work was supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture and Forestry (IPET) through High Value-added Food Technology Development Program (or Project), funded by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) (321037051WT011).
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