Livestock industry in South Korea is facing many difficulties due to the aging of the farm household population and the expansion of the livestock industry market resulting from the termination of FTAs. The government of South Korea has made efforts to enhance the competitiveness of the domestic livestock industry through various policies such as scale-up of breeding farms and modernization of facilities. However, it is urgent to introduce innovative measures due to an increase in the management burden on farmers and number of livestock and a decrease in the working population. The introduction of ICT technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data have achieved technological innovation. Accordingly, the smart farm, which combines ICT technologies with the agricultural sector, is widely spreading as one of the ways to solve rural and agricultural problems. The authority is promoting the ‘ICT Convergence project’ in the livestock sector to reduce the production cost of livestock farms and to strengthen the competitiveness of the domestic livestock industry through optimal breeding management. Therefore, this paper investigates present situation of the introduction of smart farm to the domestic livestock industry and ICT R&D trends and then analyzes challenges of national ‘ICT Convergence project’. The remainder of the review discusses expectations when applied to livestock breeding sector.